VERA FingerVein

Biometric Data Acquisition Protocol

Subjects were asked to put their index in the sensor and then adjust the position such that the finger is on the center of the image. Bram Ton's Graphical User Interface (GUI) was used for visual feedback, Near Infra Red light control and acquisition. When the automated light control was performing unproperly the operator adjusted manually the intensities of the leds to achieve a better contrast of the vein pattern.

Subjects first presented an index, then the other, a second time the first index and a second time the second index. The whole process took around 5 minutes per subject in average.

The file metadata.csv contains additional information of gender and age (at the time of capture) for each of the 110 individuals available in the dataset.

Presentation-Attack Protocol

To create effective presentation attacks for this dataset, images available were printed on high-quality (200 grams-per-square-meter - GSM) white paper using a laser printer (toner can absorb to near-infrared light used in fingervein sensors), and presented to the same sensor. More information and details can be found on Section 2.2 of the original publication [TVM14].

All presentation attacks were recorded using the same open finger vein sensor used to record the Biometric Recognition counterpart. Images are stored in PNG format, with a size of 250x665 pixels (height, width). Files are named in a matching convention to their counterparts in the biometric recognition. Size of the files is around 80 kbytes per sample.

All bonafide samples corresponds to unaltered originals from the bf part of the dataset.

Images in the full folder are stored in PNG format, with a size of 250x665 pixels (height, width). Size of the files is around 80 kbytes per sample.

Here are examples of presentation-attack (pa) samples from the full folder inside the database, for subject 029-M:

Image from subject 0029 (male). This image corresponds to the first trial for the left index finger.

Image from subject 0029 (male). This image corresponds to the second trial for the left index finger.

Image from subject 0029 (male). This image corresponds to the first trial for the right index finger.

Image from subject 0029 (male). This image corresponds to the second trial for the right index finger.

Images in the cropped folder are stored in PNG format, with a size of 150x565 pixels (height, width). Cropping happened in the same way as for the original biometric recognition subset. The size of the files is around 40 kbytes per sample.

Here are examples of presentation-attack (pa) samples from the cropped folder inside the database, for subject 029-M:

Image from subject 0029 (male). This image corresponds to the first trial for the left index finger. This version contains only the pre-cropped region-of-interest.

Image from subject 0029 (male). This image corresponds to the second trial for the left index finger. This version contains only the pre-cropped region-of-interest.

Image from subject 0029 (male). This image corresponds to the first trial for the right index finger. This version contains only the pre-cropped region-of-interest.

Image from subject 0029 (male). This image corresponds to the second trial for the right index finger. This version contains only the pre-cropped region-of-interest.

Region-of-Interest Annotations

This repository contains the annotations for the fingervein recognition "VERA" fingervein dataset. Each annotation is a text file with points which mark the region-of-interest (RoI) in each image, containing the finger region and excluding the background. To make use of the annotations, you must join the points creating a polygon.

Each annotation file contains annotation for a single, matching image in the original raw dataset. Each file is composed of as many lines as points annotated. There isn't a fixed number of annotations per file. The number of annoated points depends only on the finger contour - some fingers will have therefore more annotations than others. Each point is represented as two (16-bit) unsigned integer numbers representing the y and x coordinates in this order. Here is an example Python code using numpy that can read the annotations and return a 2D-array with them:

import numpy
return numpy.loadtxt('/path/to/annotation/file.txt', dtype='uint16')

Annotations cover only raw data in the full dataset directory. We don't provide annotations for the data in the cropped directory for obvious reasons.

The "bio/Nom" protocol

The "Nom" (normal operation mode) protocol corresponds to the standard biometric verification scenario. For the VERA database, each finger for all subjects will be used for enrolling and probing. Data from the first trial is used for enrollment, while data from the second trial is used for probing. Matching happens exhaustively. In summary:

• 110 subjects x 2 fingers = 220 unique fingers
• 2 trials per finger, so 440 unique images
• Use trial 1 for enrollment and trial 2 for probing
• Total of 220 genuine scores and 220x219 = 48180 impostor scores
• No images for training

The "bio/Fifty" protocol

The "Fifty" protocol is meant as a reduced version of the "Nom" protocol, for quick check purposes. All definitions are the same, except we only use the first 50 subjects in the dataset (numbered 1 until 59). In summary:

• 50 subjects x 2 fingers = 100 unique fingers
• 2 sessions per finger, so 200 unique images
• Use trial sample 1 for enrollment and trial sample 2 for probing
• Total of 100 genuine scores and 100x99 = 9900 impostor scores
• Use all remaining images for training (440-200 = 240 images). In this case, the remaining images all belong to different subjects that those on the development set.

The "bio/B" protocol

The "B" protocol was created to simulate a biometric recognition evaluation scenario similar to that from the UTFVP database (see [BT12]). 108 unique fingers were picked:

• Each of the 2 fingers from the first 48 subjects (96 unique fingers), subjects numbered from 1 until 57
• The left fingers from the next 6 subjects (6 unique fingers), subjects numbered from 58 until 65
• The right fingers from the next 6 subjects (6 unique fingers), subjects numbered from 66 until 72

Then, protocol "B" was setup in this way:

• 108 unique fingers
• 2 trials per finger, so 216 unique images
• Match all fingers against all images (even against itself)
• Total of 216x2 = 432 genuine scores and 216x214 = 46224 impostor scores
• Use all remaining images for training (440-216 = 224 samples). In this case, the remaining images not all belong to different subjects that those on the development set.

The "bio/Full" protocol

The "Full" protocol is similar to protocol "B" in the sense it tries to match all existing images against all others (including itself), but uses all subjects and samples instead of a limited set. It was conceived to facilitate cross-folding tests on the database. So:

• 220 unique fingers
• 2 trials per finger, so 440 unique images
• Match all fingers against all images (even against itself)
• Total of 440x2 = 880 genuine scores and 440x438 = 192720 impostor scores
• No samples are available for training in this protocol

The "pad/full" Protocol

This is a presentation attack detection protocol. It allows for training and evaluating binary-decision making counter-measures to Presentation Attacks. The available data comprised of bonafide and presentation attacks are split into 3 sub-groups:

1. Training data ("train"), to be used for training your detector;
2. Development data ("dev"), to be used for threshold estimation and fine-tunning;
3. Test data ("test"), with which to report error figures;

Clients that appear in one of the data sets (train, devel or test) do not appear in any other set.

In this protocol, the full image as captured from the sensor is available to the user. Here is a summary:

• Training set: 30 subjects (identifiers from 1 to 31 inclusive). There are 240 samples on this set.
• Development set: 30 subjects (identifiers from 32 to 72 inclusive). There are 240 samples on this set.
• Test set: 50 subjects (identifiers from 73 to 124 inclusive). There are 400 samples on this set.

The "pad/cropped" Protocol

In this protocol, only a pre-cropped image of size 150x565 pixels (height, width) is provided to the user, that can skip region-of-interest detection on the processing toolchain. The objective is to test user algorithms don't rely on information outside of the finger area for presentation attack detection. The subject separation is the same as for protocol "full".